Wild card characters Description
% A substitute for zero (or) more Characters
_(underscore) A substitute for single character
A wild card character can substitute any other character in a string in SQL.
These are used with ‘like’ operator these are used to search for specific data within a table
Ex 1. Select all customers in a city starting with l followed by any character, followed by n and followed by any character (fixed length).
Query:
select * from customer where city like 'l-n-----‘;
Ex 2. List the names of customers whose name start with letter n followed by a character and followed by variable length.
Query :
Select * from customer where name like ‘ n_% ‘ ;
Ex 3 . List all customers whose name starts with a
Query :
Select * from customer where name like 'a%' ;
Ex 4 . List all customers whose name ends with a
Query :
Select * from customer where name like '%a';
Special Operator:
Operator Description
like Pattern matching from a column
in To check the value within the set
between To check the value within a range
Ex : 1 . List the employees whose name starts with letter K
Query :
select * from employee whose name like 'K%';
2 . List the name of employees who belong to the departments of 10 and 20 .
Query :
select ename from employee where deptno in(10,20);
3 . List the employees who does not belong to the departments of sales and marketing .
Query :
select * from employee where deptname not in (‘sales’,’marketing’);
4 . List the employee number , employee name and salary of the employee whose salary ranges from 10,000 to 50,000
Query :
select empno, empname , sal from employee where sal between (10,000 to 50,000);
Example:
like , not like:SQL> select * from product;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
SQL> select * from product where pname like 'r%';
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
SQL> select * from product where pname like 'r__';
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
SQL> select * from product where pname like '__r';
no rows selected
SQL> select * from product where pname like '__j';
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
SQL> select * from product where pname like '%%a';
no rows selected
SQL> select * from product where pname like '%a%';
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
SQL> select * from product where pname not like '%a%';
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
SQL> select * from product ;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
in , not in :
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
no rows selected
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
no rows selected
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
SQL> select * from product where pid in (111,444) ;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
SQL> select * from product where pid not in (111,444) ;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
between , not between :
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
SQL> select * from product where pid between 222 and 333 ;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
SQL> select * from product where pid not between 222 and 333 ;
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
222 kumar 3 234 ds@y
333 rani 7 542 ff@y
PID PNAME QTY PRICE EMAIL
---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------
111 raj 2 123 sa@gm
444 joy 5 243 hg#df
No comments:
Post a Comment