Components of Database System Environment

SYSTEM: System is an orderly grouping of independent components linked together to achieve a specific objective. The Elements of the system are

• Input & Output. 
• Processor.
• Control. 
• Feedback 
• Environment
• Boundaries & interfaces

Data Management System (definition):

DBMS is a collection of programs , that enables users to store modify and retrieve information from the database as per the requirements. It acts as an intermediate between programs and data. It provides services for accessing a database while maintaining all the required features of the data. Commercially available DBMS are dbase, foxpro, IMS, Oracle, SQL server, DB2 etc.

Components of Data base system environment:

The data base system refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection storage management and use of data within a database environment. It is composed of 6 major parts

1.Hardware

2.Software

3.People

4.Procedures

5.Data

6.File

1.Hardware: 
Hardware refers to all the system physical devices.
Ex: Computer, Storage devices, printers, Network devices etc..

2.Software:

DBMS itself is a software that makes the database system environment function completely and allows the users to communicate with the database. It is divided into three parts.

I.Operating System software:

    It manages all hardware components and makes it possible for all other software to run on the computer system

Ex: Microsoft Windows, UNIX, LINUX, VISTA, MAC etc.

II.DBMS software:

    It manages the database within the database system.

Ex: Oracle, My SQL etc.

III.Application programs and utility software:

    These are used to access and manipulate the data in DBMS and manages the computer environment whenever the manipulation takes place.

Application programs are mostly used to access data in the database to generate reports and other information   in taking decisions.

Example: GUI, Creating DB structure, central database access and monitor database operations

3.People:

The component includes different users who can access (or) retrieve data using the applications and interface provided by DBMS.

a)System Administrator:

Oversees the database system general operations.

b)Data Base Administrator:

DBA is a person (or) group in charge to implementing the database with in an organization. The DBA has all the system privilege and responsible for the implementation or data.

c)Data Base designer:

Design the database structure.

d)System analyst and programmers:

Designs and implements the application programs. They also design and create the data entry screen, reports and procedures through which end users can access and manipulate the data. 

e)End User:

There are the people who used the application programs to run and organization daily operations.

Example:  clerks, manager, supervisors etc.

4.Procedures:

There are instructions and rules that govern the database and system.

5.Data:

Data is a collection of raw facts should stored in database. It acts as an intermediate bridge between hardware, software, procedure, and people.

6.File:

A file is a collection of information characteristics of file processing:
1.It is a group of files stored in an organization.

2.Each file is independent from one another.

3.Each file is called Flat file. ( Flat File: Flat file are the files containing records having no structure relationship among them)

4.Files are design by using programs written in any programming language.

5.As system becomes more complex, file processing systems, offers  less flexibility, presenting many limitation and difficult in maintaining

Traditional file storage method for university management system :In traditional approach the information is store in flat file, which are maintained by file system under control of an operating system

        DBMS Implementation of University Management System:

A Database is a computer based record keeping system whose over all purpose  is to record and maintains information. It is no longer owned by one department as it is a shared co-operate resources