•Based on the data model
- Relational database
- Object oriented database
- Object relational database
- Hierarchical database
- Network database
•Based on the number of users
- Single user
- Multiple users
•Based on the access
- Sequential access
- Direct access
- Low
- Medium
- High
•Based on the sites over which network is distributed
- Centralized database system
- Parallel network database system
- Distributed database system
• •Based on the usages
- OLTP
- OLAP
- Big data
- xml
- multimedia
1.Relational database: This is the most popular data model used in industries. It is based on the SQL. They are table oriented which means data is stored in different access control tables, each has the key field whose task is to identify each row. The tables or the files with the data are called as relations that help in designating the row or record, and columns are referred to attributes or fields. Few examples are MYSQL(Oracle, open source), Oracle database (Oracle), Microsoft SQL server(Microsoft) and DB2(IBM).
2.Object oriented database:
The information here is in the form of the object as used in object oriented programming.
It adds the database functionality to object programming languages.
It requires less code, use more natural data and also code bases are easy to maintain.
Examples are ObjectDB (ObjectDB software).
3.Object relational database:
Relational DBMS are evolving continuously and they have been incorporating many concepts developed in object database leading to a new class called extended relational database or object relational database.
4.Hierarchical database:
In this, the information about the groups of parent or child relationships is present in the records which is similar to the structure of a tree.
Here the data follows a series of records, set of values attached to it. They are used in industry on mainframe platforms.
Examples are IMS(IBM), Windows registry(Microsoft).
In this, the information about the groups of parent or child relationships is present in the records which is similar to the structure of a tree.
Here the data follows a series of records, set of values attached to it. They are used in industry on mainframe platforms.
Examples are IMS(IBM), Windows registry(Microsoft).
5.Network database:
Mainly used on a large digital computers. If there are more connections, then this database is efficient.
They are similar to hierarchical database, they look like a cobweb or interconnected network of records.
Mainly used on a large digital computers. If there are more connections, then this database is efficient.
They are similar to hierarchical database, they look like a cobweb or interconnected network of records.
Based
on the number of users
1.Single user:
As the name itself indicates it can support only one user at a time.
It is mostly used with the personal computer on which the data resides accessible to a single person.
The user may design, maintain and write the database programs.
2.Multiple users:
It supports multiple users concurrently. Data can be both integrated and shared, a database should be integrated when the same information is not need to be recorded in two places.
For example a student in the college should have the database containing his information. It must be accessible to all the departments related to him.
For example the library department and the fee section department should have information about student’s database. So in such case, we can integrate and even though database resides in only one place both the departments will have the access to it.
1.Single user:
As the name itself indicates it can support only one user at a time.
It is mostly used with the personal computer on which the data resides accessible to a single person.
The user may design, maintain and write the database programs.
2.Multiple users:
It supports multiple users concurrently. Data can be both integrated and shared, a database should be integrated when the same information is not need to be recorded in two places.
For example a student in the college should have the database containing his information. It must be accessible to all the departments related to him.
For example the library department and the fee section department should have information about student’s database. So in such case, we can integrate and even though database resides in only one place both the departments will have the access to it.
Based on the cost
•Low cost DBMS:
The cost of these systems vary from $100 to $3000.
•Medium cost DBMS:
Cost varies from $10000 to $100000.
•High cost DBMS:
Cost of these systems are usually more than $100000.
•Low cost DBMS:
The cost of these systems vary from $100 to $3000.
•Medium cost DBMS:
Cost varies from $10000 to $100000.
•High cost DBMS:
Cost of these systems are usually more than $100000.
Based
on the sites over which network is distributed
1.Centralized database system:
The DBMS and database are stored at the single site that is used by several other systems too.
We can simply say that data here is maintained on the centralized server.
1.Centralized database system:
The DBMS and database are stored at the single site that is used by several other systems too.
We can simply say that data here is maintained on the centralized server.
2.Parallel network database system:
This system has the advantage of improving processing input and output speeds.
Majorly used in the applications that have query to larger database.
It holds the multiple central processing units and data storage disks in parallel.
This system has the advantage of improving processing input and output speeds.
Majorly used in the applications that have query to larger database.
It holds the multiple central processing units and data storage disks in parallel.
3.Distributed database system:
In this data and the DBMS software are distributed over several sites but connected to the single computer.
Based on the access
This classification simply based on the access to data in the database systems:
Sequential access:
Data is accessed one record right after another record in an order.
When we use read command, it move ahead pointer by one
Direct access :
Direct access method also known as relative access method.
A filed-length logical record that allows the program to read and write record rapidly. in no particular order
In this data and the DBMS software are distributed over several sites but connected to the single computer.
Based on the access
This classification simply based on the access to data in the database systems:
Sequential access:
Data is accessed one record right after another record in an order.
When we use read command, it move ahead pointer by one
Direct access :
Direct access method also known as relative access method.
A filed-length logical record that allows the program to read and write record rapidly. in no particular order
Based
on the usage
1.Online transaction processing(OLTP) DBMS (eg:ATM)
They manage the operational data.
Database server must be able to process lots of simple transactions per unit of time.
Transactions are initiated in real time, in simultaneous by lots of user and applications hence it must have high volume of short, simple queries.
1.Online transaction processing(OLTP) DBMS (eg:ATM)
They manage the operational data.
Database server must be able to process lots of simple transactions per unit of time.
Transactions are initiated in real time, in simultaneous by lots of user and applications hence it must have high volume of short, simple queries.
2.Online analytical processing(OLAP) DBMS (eg:Netflix)
They use the operational data for tactical and strategical decision making.
They have limited users deal with huge amount of data, complex queries.
They use the operational data for tactical and strategical decision making.
They have limited users deal with huge amount of data, complex queries.
3.Big data and analytics DBMS:
To cope with big data new database technologies have been introduced.
One such is NoSQL (Not Only Structured Query Language) which abandons the well known relational database scheme.
To cope with big data new database technologies have been introduced.
One such is NoSQL (Not Only Structured Query Language) which abandons the well known relational database scheme.
4.XML DBMS –
Two types:
Native XML DBMS:
• Use the logical, intrinsic structure of XML document.
Enabled XML DBMS:
•Existing DBMS with facilities to store XML data and structured data in integrated way.
Native XML DBMS:
• Use the logical, intrinsic structure of XML document.
Enabled XML DBMS:
•Existing DBMS with facilities to store XML data and structured data in integrated way.
5.Multimedia DBMS:
Stores data such as text, images,
audio, video and 3D games which are usually stored in binary large object.
